JAWAI TANGARAN COASTAL MANGROVE AND MIXED FORESTS ECOSYSTEM

Biodiversity and Conservation Values

The Jawai Tangaran Coastal Mangrove and Mixed Forests ecosystem is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including several bird and reptile species with varying conservation status. Among the notable species is the Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis), which is currently classified as Endangered (EN). The Oriental Darter (Anhinga melanogaster) and the White-bellied Sea-Eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster) are both Near Threatened (NT), indicating that these species are at risk and require monitoring.

Most of the species in the area, however, are listed as Least Concern (LC), meaning they are not currently at significant risk of extinction, although the population might decrease. These include a variety of birds such as the Little Egret (Egretta garzetta), Brahminy Kite (Haliastur indus), and the Collared Kingfisher (Todirhamphus chloris). Other species like the Javan Pond Heron (Ardeola speciosa), Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), and Spotted Dove (Spilopelia chinensis) are also classified as Least Concern.

Additionally, several smaller bird species such as the Common Iora (Aegithina tiphia), Pied Triller (Lalage nigra), and Plain Prinia (Prinia inornata) are present in the area, along with various types of munias, sunbirds, and pigeons, all of which are also considered Least Concern. The region is also home to several reptile species, including the Schneider's Mangrove Snake (Cerberus schneiderii), the Spotted Skink (Emoia atrocostata), and the Common House Gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus), all of which are likewise listed as Least Concern.

Tree Species of the most critically endangered species in the area is the Mata Buaya (Bruguiera hainesii), which is classified as Critically Endangered (CR). This species is at extreme risk of extinction and requires urgent protection measures to ensure its survival. Another significant species is the Yellow Mangrove (Ceriops decandra), which is listed as Near Threatened (NT). While not as critically endangered as Mata Buaya, this species still faces threats that could potentially lead to its decline The majority of the mangrove species in the Teluk Kramat Peatland are classified as Least Concern (LC), indicating that they are currently not at significant risk of extinction. These include common species like the Bakau Kurap (Rhizophora mucronata), Pidada (Sonneratia alba), and Grey Mangrove (Avicennia marina). Other species such as the White Mangrove (Avecennia alba), Indian Mangrove (Avicennia officinalis), and the Spurred Mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata) also fall into this category, suggesting a relatively stable population.

The presence of diverse mangrove species like the Large-leaved Mangrove (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza), Cylindrical Mangrove (Bruguiera cylindrica), and Cannonball Mangrove (Xylocarpus granatum), all classified as Least Concern, underscores the ecological richness of the area. Additionally, species like the Nipa Palm (Nypa fruticans), Lumnitzera (Lumnitzera racemosa).